Class-8 Civic Chapter-19 National Movement and Achievement of independence

EVENTS CONVENT HIGH SCHOOL

25/02/2021          Class-8                SLOT-2
Civic
Chapter-19
National Movement and Achievement of independence

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1)    Choose the correct option of the following

 Question 1.When Rollat Act was passed?

(a) 7 April 1819

(b) 8 March 1919

(c) 2 January

(d) 6 March 1919

Answer:

(b) 8 March 1919

 

Question 2.Who was the Lt. Governor of Punjab during Jallianwala Bagh Massacre?

(a) Lord Dalhousie

(b) Lord Macually

(c) General O Dyer

(d) O Dyer

Answer:

(c) General O Dyer

 

Question 3.Who was the President of Swaraj Dal?

(a) Motilal Nehru

(b) Chittaranjan Das

(c) Gopal Krishan Gokhle

(d) Dada Bhai Naorozi

Answer:

(b) Chittaranjan Das

 

Question 4.When Salt Satyagrah Movement began?

(a) 5 March 1931

(b) 8 August 1942

(c) 12 March 1930

(d) none of the above

Answer:

(c) 12 March 1930

    

1.     Fill in the blanks:

1)    6 April 1919 was celebrated as Day of national dishonor

2)    Simon Commission came to India in On 3rd February 1928

3)    Gandhiji undertook the Dandi March to break the Salt Law.

4)    In 1940 the annual session of Muslim League was held at Lahore.

  

2.     Very Short Answer Type Questions

Question 1.Which title was given to Gandhiji by the British?

Answer:Gandhiji was offered Kaiser-I-Hind title by the British Govt.

 

Question 2.Give names of the prominent leaders of Swaraj Dal?

Answer:Chittaranjan Das and Moti Lal Nehru founded the Swaraj Dal. Chittaranjan Das was its President Vithallbhai Patel, Chittaranjan Das  and Moti Lal Nehru were its prominent leaders.

 

Question 3.When the Second World War broke out?

Answer:The Second World War broke out in September 1, 1939 when Germany invaded Poland. On September 3, Britain also joined war in favor of Poland. The Govt, of India immediately joined the War without consulting the national Congress. The annoyed Congressmen in protest tendered registrations in the seven Provinces.

  

3.     Short Answer Type Questions

 Question 1.Why Khilafat Movement was started?

Answer:At the end of First World War, Turkey defeated by the British forces suffered injustice at the Lands of Britain. Khalifa was dethroned from his post. He was the religious head of the Muslims and Muslim community in India opposed this heinous act against Turkey. In 1919 under the leadership of Mohammed Ali Jinnah, Shaukat Ali, Maulana Azad the Khilafat committee war formed.

The objective of Khilafat movement was to protest against the injustice done to Khalifa and Turkey. The Khilafat movement was given full supports by Gandhiji and the Indian National Congress.

 
Question 2.What were the major objectives of Swaraj Dal?

Answer:Main objectives of Swaraj Dal:

To achieve Swaraj

To interrupt official work

To oppose the policies of British Govt

To develop national awakening

To enter Councils by election.

The members of Swaraj Dal Vithallbhai Patel, Chittaranjan Das and Pt. Moti Lal Nehru and other members jointly formed an independent forum and put up demands before the Govt. when the Govt, did not consider the demands they interrupted the Govt, working.

 

Question 3.Why Gandhiji put off the Non-cooperation Movement?

Answer:Gandhiji withdraw Non-cooperation Movement because an excited crowd of people set fire to a police station at Chauri Chaura in Uttar Pradesh which caused the death of 22 policemen including as Inspector. Mahatma Gandhi was pained to see that the country had not understood the message of non-violence.

 Long Answer Type Questions

 Question 1.Describe about the Jallianwala Bagh Massacre?

Answer:There was a great resentment among the people on the restrictions on the entry of Gandhiji and other leaders in Punjab. This protest grew more intense when two leaders of Punjab Dr. Satpal and Dr. Saifuddin Kichlu were arrested without any reason by Deputy Commissioner of Amritsar. The people took out a peaceful rally in protest of this arrest. The police tried to stop the procession but failing to stop they fired.

 
After that the procession became very violent and people set houses on fire. The Govt, handed over the charge of Amritsar in the hands of General 0 Dyer on April 10, 1919. On the day of Baisakhi on April 13, 1919 a General Meeting was held at 4:30 p.m. in Jallianwala Bagh. Ten thousand people gathered there.

 

General Dyer reached there with 400 armed laced troops and without prior information to the crowd he ordered firing. The firing resulted in thousands of death and large number of people met fatal injuries. This heinous act of inhumanity hurt the feelings of Indians all over the country. They organised protests against British Government.

 

Question: 2.What were the key programmes of Non-Cooperation Movement?

Answer:In December 1920 in Nagpur the Congress session unanimously adopted the non-cooperation proposals mooted by Gandhiji. The movement was supposed to be fully peaceful. And to show non-cooperation with the Govt, at all level. The movements had two sides:

Answer: To denounce Govt, posts and titles.

Boycott Govt, schools and colleges.

Boycott Judiciary.

Not to pay taxes.

Boycott of foreign goods and clothes.

B. Positive side:

 

Establish national schools and colleges.

To settle disputes by Panchayats.

Stress on truth and non-violence.

To promote Charkha for spinning and weaving.

To enroll one crore volunteers to make the movement successful.