Class-8 Social Science Chapter 8 BRITISH POLICIES AND ADMINISTRATION IN INDIA AFTER 1858

 

 Social Science

 Chapter 8 

british policies and administration in india after 1858

A.Choose the correct option of the following questions

Question 1.The Proclamation of Queen Victoria were made in:
(a) 1757
(b) 3858 [ √ ]
(c) 1957
(d) 1965

Question 2.The rule of India entrusted into hands of Queen of England.
(a) By 1858 Act [ √ ]
(b) By 1861 Act
(c) By 1865 Act
(d) By 1876 Act

Question 3.First Municipality in India was established:
(a) In 1865 at Madras
(b) In 1J867 in Bengal
(c) In 1868 in Uttar Pradesh
(d) None of the above [ √ ]

Question 4.The head of Indian Secretariat was called:
(a) Indian Secretary [ √ ]
(b) Viceroy
(c) Governor General
(d) Secretary

B.Fill in the blanks:

1. To help Viceroy a members Four council was formed.

2. The British economic policies were formed to protect the interests of Britishers

3. In 1876 the minimum age for Civil Services was 19

4. To implement Wood Proposals Lord Rippon constituted Hunter Commission.

 

C.Very Short Answer Type Questions

Question 1.By which Act Queen of England was made Empress of India.
Answer:By Ordinance of 1858.

Question 2.After 1858 how was the Governor General Addressed.
Answer:The Governor General was addressed as Viceroy.

Question 3.Who was called the father of local governance?
Answer:Lord Rippon.

D.Short Answer Type Questions

Question 1.Describe the proclamation of Queen in short.
Answer:The rule of the company was replaced by rule of the Crown. The Company territories were now governed by English government. Indian people and rulers got some rights and privileges.

Question 2.What changes were made by 1861 Act.
Answer:The Legislative Council was enlarged by the addition of 6 to 12 more members and also introduced provincial councils.

Question 3.Describe the administrative division after 1858.
Answer:It transferred power to British crown. A minister called the Secretary of State for India was made responsible for the government of India to the British Parliament. Viceroy replaced Governor General title.

E.Long Answer Type Questions

Question 1.Write about the decisions of 1858 Act.
Answer:The decisions of 1858 Act are:
1. The control of India passed on completely to British Government. It was announced that India would be governed by and in the name of the British monarch through a Secretary of State.

2. Before 1858, there were two bodies in Britain which controlled the British policies in India, viz, the Board of Control and the Court of Directors of the East India Company. Now a minister of the British Government called the Secretary of State for India, was given complete control over the Government of India. Like other ministers of the British Government, he was responsible to the British Parliament.

3. To advise the Secretary of State, the Indian Council was created. This Council had no real powers and could only advise the Secretary of State who could ignore the advise of the Council at any time the liked.

Question 2.Write short note on Army Organisation?
Answer:Before 1858, the Presidencies of Bombay, Madras and Calcutta had their separate armies. Each Presidency consisted of the Indian soldiers, units of the European soldiers and the regiments of the British soldiers – the latter two were combined.

In 1859, the armies of the three Presidencies were unified and the entire army, of the British India came under the control of the commander – in – chief. The Indian soldiers were excluded from the artillery and the arsenals; The number of the European soldiers was increased. For every two Indian soldiers, one European soldier was recruited. All the officers in the army were to be the Europeans.