Class-8 Social Science Chapter 8 BRITISH POLICIES AND ADMINISTRATION IN INDIA AFTER 1858

 

 Social Science

 Chapter 8 

british policies and administration in india after 1858

A.Choose the correct option of the following questions

Question 1.The Proclamation of Queen Victoria were made in:
(a) 1757
(b) 3858 [ √ ]
(c) 1957
(d) 1965

Question 2.The rule of India entrusted into hands of Queen of England.
(a) By 1858 Act [ √ ]
(b) By 1861 Act
(c) By 1865 Act
(d) By 1876 Act

Question 3.First Municipality in India was established:
(a) In 1865 at Madras
(b) In 1J867 in Bengal
(c) In 1868 in Uttar Pradesh
(d) None of the above [ √ ]

Question 4.The head of Indian Secretariat was called:
(a) Indian Secretary [ √ ]
(b) Viceroy
(c) Governor General
(d) Secretary

B.Fill in the blanks:

1. To help Viceroy a members Four council was formed.

2. The British economic policies were formed to protect the interests of Britishers

3. In 1876 the minimum age for Civil Services was 19

4. To implement Wood Proposals Lord Rippon constituted Hunter Commission.

 

C.Very Short Answer Type Questions

Question 1.By which Act Queen of England was made Empress of India.
Answer:By Ordinance of 1858.

Question 2.After 1858 how was the Governor General Addressed.
Answer:The Governor General was addressed as Viceroy.

Question 3.Who was called the father of local governance?
Answer:Lord Rippon.

D.Short Answer Type Questions

Question 1.Describe the proclamation of Queen in short.
Answer:The rule of the company was replaced by rule of the Crown. The Company territories were now governed by English government. Indian people and rulers got some rights and privileges.

Question 2.What changes were made by 1861 Act.
Answer:The Legislative Council was enlarged by the addition of 6 to 12 more members and also introduced provincial councils.

Question 3.Describe the administrative division after 1858.
Answer:It transferred power to British crown. A minister called the Secretary of State for India was made responsible for the government of India to the British Parliament. Viceroy replaced Governor General title.

E.Long Answer Type Questions

Question 1.Write about the decisions of 1858 Act.
Answer:The decisions of 1858 Act are:
1. The control of India passed on completely to British Government. It was announced that India would be governed by and in the name of the British monarch through a Secretary of State.

2. Before 1858, there were two bodies in Britain which controlled the British policies in India, viz, the Board of Control and the Court of Directors of the East India Company. Now a minister of the British Government called the Secretary of State for India, was given complete control over the Government of India. Like other ministers of the British Government, he was responsible to the British Parliament.

3. To advise the Secretary of State, the Indian Council was created. This Council had no real powers and could only advise the Secretary of State who could ignore the advise of the Council at any time the liked.

Question 2.Write short note on Army Organisation?
Answer:Before 1858, the Presidencies of Bombay, Madras and Calcutta had their separate armies. Each Presidency consisted of the Indian soldiers, units of the European soldiers and the regiments of the British soldiers – the latter two were combined.

In 1859, the armies of the three Presidencies were unified and the entire army, of the British India came under the control of the commander – in – chief. The Indian soldiers were excluded from the artillery and the arsenals; The number of the European soldiers was increased. For every two Indian soldiers, one European soldier was recruited. All the officers in the army were to be the Europeans.

Class-9 Sub- Social Science Civics Democratic Politics-I Chapter 3 Constitutional Design

Class 9 

Social Science 

Civics Democratic Politics-I 

Chapter 3 Constitutional Design

 

1. Here are some false statements. Identify the mistake in each case and rewrite these correctly based on what you have read in this chapter.
(a) Leaders of the freedom movement had an open mind about whether the country should be democratic or not after independence.
(b) Members of the Constituent Assembly of India held the same views on all provisions of the Constitution.
(c) A country that has a constitution must be a democracy.
(d) Constitution cannot be amended because it is the supreme law of a country.

Answer:
(a) Leaders of the freedom movement had an open mind about the country being democratic after independence.

(b) Members of the Constituent Assembly worked in a systematic, open, and consensual manner to resolve differences among them.

(c) It is not necessary that a country having a constitution must be a democracy. The constitution of a country can even make provisions for dictatorship or monarchy. Examples: the Soviet Union and Pakistan.

(d) A Constitution can be amended to keep up with the changes in aspirations of the society. It can also be changed keeping in mind the social, political, and economic conditions of the country.

2. Which of these was the most salient underlying conflict in the making of a democratic constitution in South Africa?
(a) Between South Africa and its neighbours
(b) Between men and women
(c) Between the white majority and the black minority
(d) Between the coloured minority and the black majority
Answer:
(c) Between the white majority and the black minority

3. Which of these is a provision that a democratic constitution does not have?
(a) Powers of the head of the state
(b) Name of the head of the state
(c) Powers of the legislature
(d) Name of the country
Answer:
(b) Name of the head of the state

4. Match the following leaders with their roles in the making of the Constitution:

(a) Motilal Nehru	Prepared a Constitution for India in 1928
(b) B.R. Ambedkar	Chairman of the Drafting Committee
(c) Rajendra Prasad	President of the Constituent Assembly
(d) Sarojini Naidu	Member of the Constituent Assembly

 5. Read again the extracts from Nehru’s speech ‘Tryst with Destiny’ and answer the following:

(a) Why did Nehru use the expression “not wholly or in full measure” in the first sentence?
(b) What pledge did he want the makers of the Indian Constitution to take?
(c) “The ambition of the greatest man of our generation has been to wipe every tear from every eye”. Who was he referring to?
Answer:
(a) The expression ‘not wholly or in full measure’ in the first sentence was used by Nehru because he thought that the task they had undertaken was incomplete and it wasn’t possible to fulfill the pledges all at once but would be gradually fulfilled.

(b) The pledge that he wanted the makers of the Indian Constitution to take was to dedicate their lives to the service of India, Indians, and humanity at large.

(c) He was referring to Mahatma Gandhi.

6. Here are different opinions about what made India a democracy. How much importance would you give to each of these factors?
(a) Democracy in India is a gift of the British rulers. We received training to work with representative legislative institutions under British rule.
(b) Freedom Struggle challenged the colonial exploitation and denial of different freedoms to Indians. Free India could not be anything but democratic.
(c) We were lucky to have leaders who had democratic convictions. The denial of democracy in several other newly independent countries shows the important role of these leaders.

Answer:
(a) Though I would acknowledge many good things were learned from the British rulers and democracy being one of them,I wouldn’t say that democracy was a gift given by them. Indians had to struggle a lot and make many sacrifices to attain freedom from British rule. These circumstances helped people to gain experience and training in the working of the legislative institutions.

(b) Yes, Free India could not be anything but democratic because the people had already suffered a lot under British rule. This made them realise that for people to have a say in ruling the country, it was necessary to make India a democratic country.

(c) It is indeed true that we were lucky to have leaders who had deep democratic values. It is because of these ideals that India’s freedom struggle can be considered as the only example of a bloodless freedom struggle in contemporary history. Therefore, absence of such ideals has made many countries undemocratic.

Class-7 English Application for school leave due to fever

CLASS-7

APPLICATION FOR LEAVE

To,

The Principal,
EVENTS CONVENT HIGH SCHOOL,
70 LALA LAJPAT RAI COLONY,

Date :27/11/2020

Subject- leave application for school due to fever by parents

Respected Sir/Mam,

I am Virat Kohli, a student of class 7th A. I am writing this application because I want to tell you that from the past few days I was suffering from high fever and after doing some medical tests doctors stated that I got typhoid.

I have to undergo some medical treatments and this will take around 5 days of time till I get back to normal.

I request you to please provide me 6 days of leave as I am unable to come to school in my present condition. I shall be grateful.

Thanking you.

Yours faithfully,
Virat Kohli

CLASS-6 ENGLISH -APPLICATION FOR SCHOOL LEAVE DUE TO FEVER

CLASS-6

APPLICATION FOR SCHOOL LEAVE

To,
The Principal,
EVENTS CONVENT HIGH SCHOOL,
70 LALA LAJPAT RAI COLONY,

Date :27/11/2020

Subject- leave application for school due to fever by parents

Respected Sir/Mam,

I am Virat Kohli, a student of class 6th A. I am writing this application because I want to tell you that from the past few days I was suffering from high fever and after doing some medical tests doctors stated that I got typhoid.

I have to undergo some medical treatments and this will take around 5 days of time till I get back to normal.

I request you to please provide me 6 days of leave as I am unable to come to school in my present condition. I shall be grateful.

Thanking you.

Yours faithfully,

Virat Kohli 

Class-6 Sub- So studies History Chapter-8 TRADE, CRAFT AND CITIES

CLASS-6

HISTORY-CHAPTER 8

TRADE,CRAFT AND CITIES 

C.Answer the following questions:-

Que-1 Name some popular craft of the time?

Ans-1 Potters, weavers, carpenters, blacksmiths, goldsmiths, garland makers, basket makers, etc.

 

Que-2 Where was the bead-making industry concentrated?

Ans-2  The bead making industry was concentrated in south India. Varanasi and Madurai were important centres of cloth manufacturing uraiyur was a famous centre for dyeing.

 

Que-3How do punch marked coins help us?

Ans-3 The punched marked coins help us to located areas and reconstruct the history of  that period.

 

Que-4 How did agriculture improved?

Ans-4 Due to agricultural intensification by the system of transplantation of seedlings, better irrigation facilities and tools and implements, surplus production of crops left people with more time to practice professions other than farming.

These new methods that also contributed to the increase in agricultural production

 

Que-5 Discuss about Arikamedu in detail?

Ans-5 Arikamedu, located in Pondicherry, was a coastal settlement between 2200 and 1900 years ago. It was a place where ships unloaded goods from distant lands. A massive brick structure which is supposed to be a warehouse was found at the site. Other discoveries include pottery from the Mediterranean region.